The teaching and learning of Physical Geography, which is the study of the earth's surface
features, weather conditions, and various natural processes has faced several challenges in public
secondary schools. The purpose of the study was to investigate the challenges encountered in
teaching and learning of Physical Geography in public Secondary schools in Dagoretti Sub-
County, Nairobi County. The study was guided by these objectives: To examine how teaching
resources affect the teaching and learning of Physical Geography in public secondary schools in
Dagoretti Sub-County, Nairobi County. To assess students’ attitudes in teaching and learning of
Physical Geography in public secondary schools in Dagoretti Sub-County, Nairobi County. To
assess how teaching methodologies affect the teaching and learning of Physical Geography in
public secondary schools in Dagoretti Sub-County, Nairobi County. The study was grounded on
Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory (SCT., 1986). A descriptive survey research design
was used, and a quantitative approach was adopted to analyze the data collected from the target
population. The study used 104 participants, which were comprised of 96 Form two and three
students and 8 teachers drawn from public secondary schools in Dagoretti Sub-County, Nairobi
County. Statistics Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 21) was employed to analyze the
data collected from the target population. The findings of this study revealed that the
insufficiencies of the teaching and learning resources and the absence of Geography laboratories
in public secondary schools in Dagoretti Sub-County, Nairobi County were major challenges
encountered in teaching and learning of Physical Geography. The study also found that both the
students and the teachers had positive attitudes toward Physical Geography, finding it interesting
and important for interacting with different features in the environment. The study recommended
that students should be exposed to the interactive methods of learning Physical Geography such
as filed trips, use of resource persons, and out-of-classroom observations. Meanwhile, the School
Administration in collaboration with the local community and Government needs to support the
schools with the updated teaching and learning resources such as textbooks, maps, globes,
atlases, ICT equipment and build Geography laboratories in schools to provide a conducive
environment for learning and doing some practical work in Physical Geography.