The purpose of the study was to look at “Assessment of School-Based Factors Influencing
Students’ Academic Performance in Geography in Public Mixed Secondary Schools in Nandi
Hills Sub County, Nandi County”. The objectives of the study were; To Determine Whether the
Availability of Learning Resources Influence Students’ Performance in Geography in Public
Mixed Secondary Schools in Nandi Hills Sub County, Nandi County: To Examine How Student
Motivation Influences Students’ Performance in Geography in Public Mixed Secondary Schools
in Nandi Hills Sub County, Nandi County: To Explore Influence of Student Level of
Engagement on Student’s Performance in Geography in Public Mixed Secondary Schools in
Nandi Hills Sub County, Nandi County. The researcher used questionnaires to collect data from
both students and teachers within the selected schools in the area. Interview guide was used to
collect data from the principals. The study used 30% of the population sample of the whole
population which was selected randomly. A sample of 97 students, 9 teachers and 3 principals
were used. The collected data was analyzed using statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS)
and Microsoft Excel. The analyzed data was presented using pie charts, tables and bar charts.
The researcher found he study found that inadequate learning resources, such as textbooks and
maps, hindered students' understanding of geography, while limited field trips and digital tools
reduced experiential learning. Student motivation positively influenced performance, with
engagement in discussions and teacher encouragement enhancing learning, though a lack of
interest negatively affected achievement. Active participation and outdoor activities improved
comprehension, but gaps in hands-on learning and interactive teaching limited students'
engagement and performance. The study recommended that Students should actively participate
in geography lessons, group discussions, and outdoor activities to improve comprehension and
retention and utilize available learning resources effectively and seek clarification from teachers
when necessary. Teachers should adopt interactive teaching methods such as field trips, practical
exercises, and group discussions to enhance student engagement and encourage students by
providing constructive feedback and creating an interactive learning environment. Principals
should ensure adequate provision of geography learning materials, including textbooks, maps,
and digital resources and facilitate student engagement by supporting extracurricular activities
related to geography, such as fieldwork and research projects. The ministry should provide
sufficient resources to schools for purchasing geography teaching materials and digital tools and
organize training programs for teachers to improve interactive and student-centered teaching
approaches. The researcher concluded that school-based factors significantly influence students&;
academic performance in geography in public mixed secondary schools in Nandi Hills Sub-
County, the lack of adequate learning materials, limited field trips, and insufficient interactive
teaching methods were highlighted as major challenges affecting performance.