The purpose of the study was to investigate the Analysis of the Challenges Affecting the
Teaching and Learning of Energy in Geography in Public Secondary Schools in Borabu
Sub‑County, Nyamira County. The specific objectives of the study were: to examine the
influence of learners’ attitudes on the teaching and learning of energy in Geography in public
secondary schools in Borabu Sub‑County; to investigate the effect of the availability of
teaching and learning resources used for the instruction of energy; and to determine ways of
improving the teaching and learning of energy in Geography in these schools. The researcher
used questionnaires to collect data from both students and teachers in selected schools within
the area. A random sampling technique was employed to select 30% of the target population,
resulting in an estimated sample of 95 students and 10 teachers. Data collection was aligned
with the stated objectives, and the collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Package
for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 30.0. The results of the analysis were presented using
pie charts, tables, and bar graphs. The study found that learners’ negative attitudes,
inadequate teaching and learning resources, and limited use of practical methods hindered
effective instruction of energy topics in Geography. The study concluded that improving
student engagement through practical activities and enhancing resource availability are key to
addressing these challenges. The study recommended the integration of fieldwork, group-
based learning, and teacher training, as well as increased support from school management
and the Ministry of Education to improve energy education in Geography.